1. Glaciers Melting Faster Than The estimated
As the 21st century begins, the scientists who study the Earth's climate predict that the giant Ice-Caps in Greenland and Antarctica will melt slowly around the edges and lagged behind the overall global climate warming.
But this decade was the hottest decade perikliman throughout recorded history, proving there is a climate model is wrong.
Glaciers have been melting faster than expected and researchers have to figure out why it happened.
The Uptick melting ice has not been limited to the Arctic and Antarctic. European glaciers is now considered entering the last decade of them.
Kilimanjaro's famous snow and low latitude mountain could disappear completely.Thick perennial sea ice in the Arctic is fast disappearing, which is likely to bring summer to the Arctic Ocean ice-free.
There are global consequences for this disbursement. Seawater tide will make the city more and the island vulnerable to disasters such as floods that nearly destroyed New Orleans.Gunung glaciers around the world bringing fresh water billions of liters.Whichever way you think about it, the Earth with less ice will be a less hospitable planet.
2. Successful Human Genome Mapped
The human genome is circular in every human cell molecule that sits 23 if canceled and placed end to end, would stretch about three feet. They are molecules, better known as chromosomes, containing all the instructions necessary to build all parts of the human body.
It took more than 10 years and the international cooperation of scientists to map the genome, but the year 2000 saw the rough draft of the entire human genome, followed by the version that was completed in 2003.
The Human Genome Project funded by public and private competitors, Celera Genomics, is one of the largest scientific endeavors in history, one of which was revealed in intimate detail about what are human beings that make up the whole.
With information from individual genome maps, scientists may uncover new clues about everything from body odor someone for mental illness.
Since the decoding of the human genome, dozens of other species have their genomes sequenced, including pigs, dogs, bees, mosquitoes, mackerel, chimpanzees, yeast, corn, and rice. With the discovery of this mapping, the scientists can and will find new ways to cure disease or improve yields.
3. Provide Mars Surface Water Signs
In 2008, NASA astronauts, Mars Phoenix landed on the Red Planet (Mars) to confirm the presence of water and look for signs of organic compounds.
Eight years earlier, the Mars Global Surveyor saw what looked like a ditch carved into the side to drain the water. More recently, the Mars Exploration Rovers have found minerals that also indicate the presence of ancient water. But the evidence of modern water was hard to understand.
Then Phoenix, landed on the ground near the North Pole, and do some digging for samples that will be used to analyze. During the dig, onboard cameras see a white powder in a freshly dug soil. In comparison to the current image is found by the next day, powder slowly disappeared. After an intense analysis, confirmed the white powder as ice water.
These findings not only confirm the presence of water on the Red Planet, with the hope that some kind of microbial life might be using the water supply to survive.
4. Stem cells found in the New Source
In 2001, President George W. Bush cut federal funding for scientists working with embryonic stem cells - found in a ball, a small hollow of about 70-100 human cells that can become anything in the human body - because of ethical issues.
Embryonic stem cells are one of the most promising medical advances of the year, with the potential to cure diseases from diabetes to cancer genetic disorders, and more.
In 2007, scientists from Kyoto University and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, working separately, essentially turning hours for skin cells of adults, which allows mature cells, which are programmed to become skin, to act like cells Embryonic stem. Adult cells into pluripotent cells, or cells that can end up being almost all other types of cells.
Adult cells pluripotent solve two major problems. Ethical concerns and financial limitations can be avoided, and the doctor was finally able to use the cells with a person's own DNA to grow replacement organs that patients would be less likely to reject.
Joining 5.Manusia Machine (Cyborg)
Cyborg came true. In the last decade, much progress has been made by the person controlling the robot legs and computers with their minds.
In 2000, researchers at Duke University Medical Center implanted electrodes in the brains of monkeys and then train them to reach for food using a robotic arm. As neurochip could one day restore motor function in paralyzed patients.
A team from the MIT Media Lab Europe developed a non-invasive method to remove brain waves, and in 2004, used for the first time signals to control the movement of video game characters.
Robotic limbs operated with nerve signals debuted in 2001 at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago. There, Jesse Sullivan, a double amputee, uses two methods to control the robotic arm.
And in 2009, Pierpaolo Petruzziello amputees learn to control a biomechanical hand connected to his nervous with fair wires and electrodes. Petruzziello be the first to make complex movements - wiggling fingers, fist, grab objects - with robotic limbs, using only his mind.
6. Viewable Alien Planets Directly
The first alien planets - called exoplanets - were detected in the early 1990s, but not directly. In 2000, astronomers detected by looking for a handful of stars "wobble," or little star dimming as extrasolar planets pass in front. Today we have learned about 400 exoplanets.
In 2008, astronomers using the Hubble Space Telescope and the infrared Keck and Gemini observatories in Hawaii announced that they have "seen" exoplanets orbiting distant stars. Both observatories have taken pictures of the foreign world.
Keck infrared observations is the detection of three exoplanets orbiting a star called HR8799, 150 light years from Earth. Hubble saw a large planet orbiting the star Fomalhaut, 25 light years from Earth.
This discovery raises a profound question: How long should wait until we see a world similar to Earth by extraterrestrial civilizations look back at us?
7. Recent Chimp Ancestors Have Found
In 2002, researchers in northern Chad dig a 6 - to 7-million skull-year-old Sahelanthropus tchadensis - known as Toumai. Only the skull was found, so it is not confirmed whether Toumai walked upright on two legs. But other Toumai still make a strong case that it is so widespread human family lineage.
Then came Ardi. In 2009, a nearly complete skeleton of Ardipithecus ramidus, or "Ardi," in northeastern Ethiopia hit "Lucy" known as the skeleton, the most complete of an early human ancestor ever found.
The Ardi 4.4-million-year-old could walk on two legs, but also a skilled tree-climber.His teeth make him able to eat a variety of foods. And scientists have theorized that men and women may have been paired at this time, significantly improve survival, because women can improve their parents while men provide the food.
If studies prove correct, Ardi marking the closest we come to find the last common ancestor of chimpanzees.
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8. Existence of Dark Objects Proved Existence
In the summer of 2006, astronomers made the announcements that help people understand the cosmos a little better: They have direct evidence to confirm the existence of dark matter - although they still can not say what exactly the goods.
Evidence unprecedented derived from the core gas and stars throw up so destroy between two large groups of galaxies in the Bullet Cluster.
Until then, the existence of dark matter is inferred by the fact that galaxies have only one-fifth of the visible matter needed to create the gravity that makes them whole. So the rest must be invisible to telescopes: That the occult is "dark."
Observations of the Bullet Cluster, officially known as the galaxy cluster 1E0657-56, did not explain what dark matter. They did, however, provide clues investigators that dark matter particles act in a certain way, that future research can build.
9. Dug Network Of Bones T-Rex
In 2005, Mary Higby Schweitzer and her colleagues reported in Science the discovery of what looked like a soft tissue - blood vessels, cells and bone matrix - inside the fossilized femur of a T-Rex meat small.
Since then, T-Rex bones have revealed amino acids that are similar to the modern chicken, farm-related between dinosaurs and birds.
Schweitzer's discovery came in an amazing decade instructions other dinosaur soft parts.
In 2004, one of the few mummified dinosaurs ever found - a stunning preserved hadrosaur 66-million-year-old with intact skin of most mineralization - dug up from a farm in North Dakota.
Then, in June 2009, researchers announced they have isolated molecules associated with the soft tissue of the hadrosaur's skin.
10. Pluto Eris Rocks the size of the Solar System
In January 2005, Mike Brown and his team at the Palomar Observatory, California found 136 199 Eris, a small body that are 27 percent bigger than Pluto. Pluto and Eris has come to be known 9th largest body orbiting the sun.
In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided that the chances of finding a smaller rocky bodies in the outer solar system is so high that the definition of "planet" should be reconsidered. The end result: Pluto has been reclassified as a dwarf planet. Pluto acquired a "marker of minor planets" in front of his name: "134340 Pluto."
Mike Brown's 2005 discovery of Eris was the trigger that changed the face of our solar system, defining the planets Pluto and add a growing family of dwarf planets.
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